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Ice canoeing
Originally a means of winter transport between the islands and shores of the Saint Lawrence River, ice canoeing is now a sport. Crews of five athletes alternately push their canoe across the ice on the frozen parts of the river, and row in a river with currents of four knots, tides of over 15 feet, and ice blocks weighing a few tonnes blown by the wind.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.demotix.com/news/584113/ice-canoe-race-growing-popularity#media-584097 )〕 Shoes with bolts screwed to the bottom are worn to keep their traction on the ice.
==History==
Ice canoeing has been practised since the beginnings of New France in the 1600s, as the only way to cross the Saint Lawrence River when there is too much ice for ferries, but not enough to form an ice bridge. In the 1860s more than 200 canoers, mostly at Lévis provided transportation for passengers and goods. Ice canoeing was practised in Montreal from the early 1800s. The advent of steamboats capable of breaking through the ice put an end to icecanoeing as a means of transportation in the late 1800s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://deficanotaglace.ca/ )〕
In 1894, the first race was organised between Lévis and the Port of Quebec at the first Quebec Winter Carnival.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://canotaglace.com/nexttoutsur )〕 In Montreal races were held during the Fête des Neiges de Montréal from 1988 to 1992. In 2013, Héritage Maritime Canada relaunched the race as the Défi canot à glace Bota Bota.〔 Since the 1990s races have also been held at Toronto, Windsor, Gatineau, Trois-Rivières, Chicoutimi and the Isle-aux-Coudres.
Women have competed since 1987.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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